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Which type of encryption can be applied to 'data at rest'?

  1. Just software-based encryption

  2. Only network-based encryption

  3. Whole disk, database, or file-level encryption

  4. Encryption is not applicable to data at rest

The correct answer is: Whole disk, database, or file-level encryption

Covers a range of options for securing data that is stored and not actively being transmitted, which is what 'data at rest' refers to. This type of encryption can include whole disk encryption, which secures all the data on a storage device; database encryption, which protects sensitive database contents; and file-level encryption, which secures individual files regardless of their location. By implementing these encryption methods, organizations can ensure that even if physical devices are compromised or accessed by unauthorized personnel, the data remains protected and unreadable without the appropriate decryption keys. Options that suggest only software-based or network-based encryption do not encompass the full range of encryption methods applicable to data at rest. Additionally, the assertion that encryption is not applicable to data at rest overlooks the critical importance of safeguarding stored data, making option C the comprehensive and accurate choice.